School Choice in Black and White: Private School Enrollment Among Racial Groups, 1990-2000
Peabody Journal of Education: Issues of Leadership, Policy, and Organizations - Vol. 84, No. 2
Salvatore Saporito, College of William and Mary
ABSTRACT
This study investigates how much the racial composition of communities influences the private school enrollment rates of members of different racial groups. Some scholars argue that private school enrollment contributes to racial segregation in public schools because White families attempt to enhance the social status of their children by leaving public schools serving communities with higher percentages of children who are Black. A second group of scholars argue that private school enrollment is primarily based on nonracial factors. A third, related perspective argues that race is of diminishing importance in driving behaviors such as school choice. This study explores these perspectives using 1990 and 2000 Public Use Micro Data Samples to estimate private school enrollment rates by student race and community racial composition. Findings indicate that private school enrollment rates among Asian, Black, and Hispanic students do not fluctuate much with community racial composition. By contrast, private school enrollment rates among White families are strongly and positively correlated with the percentage of children in their communities who are Black-even after holding constant a series of individual and community-level factors that may account for this trend. Moreover, the association between race and choice has changed little between 1990 and 2000.
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Salvatore Saporito is an Associate Professor in the Department of Sociology at the College of William and Mary. His main fields of interest are sociology of education, stratification, racial and economic segregation, human geography, and areal interpolation methods. His current research explores private school enrollment rates by student race and the racial composition of communities between 1970 and 2007.
